Yes, building risk culture is that easy! Before I explain, let me first clear up a few weird misconceptions about risk culture that have been floating around in nonfinancial companies:
Making decisions under uncertainty is not natural
Back in the 1970s, scientists had a breakthrough in understanding how the human brain works, what influences our decisions, how cognitive biases impact on our perception of the world and so on. Daniel Kahneman and Vernon Smith received a Noble prize in Economic Sciences back in 2002 “for having integrated insights from psychological research into economic science, especially concerning human judgment and decision-making under uncertainty.” I am amazed at how many risk managers and consultants continue to simply ignore this research. Identifying, analyzing and dealing with risks is against human nature. Stop kidding yourself. The sooner we, as a professional community, accept this, the easier it will be to integrate risk management into decision-making.
Managers do not take risks into account by default
One of the biggest deceptions floating around is that most business processes already take into account risks and decisions are made by management after careful consideration of those risks. Not so. Naturally, managers do consider some of the more obvious risks, and there are exceptional cases in which risk analysis is already integrated into the decision-making. For the other 95 percent of the companies, existing processes and management tools barely account for the inflation and ignore or purposefully hide significant risks. I bet, if risk managers, instead of running useless risk workshops, had a deep hard look, they would soon discover that budgets are overly optimistic, project plans are unrealistic and some corporate objectives are borderline naïve. But then again, they may not. Because the rest of the company is fine with how things are and will do everything to stop risk managers from getting involved.
Making risk management everyone’s responsibility is just wishful thinking
I don’t quite understand why, but there seems to be an idea that a strong, robust, risk-aware culture is the ultimate objective. It’s the end result. I mean it sounds great, but it is physically impossible. And this is why I think so many risk managers have failed and so many more are struggling to make an impact: They are trying to move the rock that is not meant to be moved. This is probably the most important point of this article:
The only person in the company who thinks strong risk culture is a positive thing is the risk manager. The rest of the organization sees risk management as a direct threat to their personal interests, their income and their position in the corporate world.
Let me repeat that. Most managers ignore risks and take uncalculated risks for a reason. Most, but not all managers, and not all the time. And that’s where the risk manager comes in, trying to change the culture of CERTAIN individuals SOME of the time.
Risk management culture is not about hearts and minds
Hopefully by now, after reading everything I’ve tried to communicate above, you realize that management doesn’t care about risk culture. I mean, they will still say the right words when the risk manager is present, but deep down, nobody will care. The only chance for risk culture to stick is if it makes business sense for the individuals. And I don’t mean soft things like transparency, corporate governance and other nonsense; I mean direct impact on the bottom line or the personal security of an individual. The best examples of managers suddenly becoming very risk aware were when I was able to show that by better managing risks, individuals could protect their role, avoid prosecution, have a better business case for investors, save on insurance, save on financing costs or to get higher bonuses.
So… shall we get a takeaway instead of hot dogs?
Despite everything I’ve said above, building risk culture is a piece of cake. Risk managers just have to realize that they won’t be able to convert everyone and some people are beyond help. There is also no single solution that will do the job. It’s all about finding what makes each individual tick. It’s time consuming, yes, but not difficult at all. Hence this can be equally applied by large corporations and small and medium-sized businesses.
Here are some practical ideas (make sure you click on the links in the article, each one leads to a short video explanation) to get you started:
- Develop high-level risk management policy – It is generally considered a good idea to document an organization’s attitude and commitment to risk management in a high-level document, such as a risk management policy. The policy should describe the general attitude of the company toward risks, risk management principles, roles and responsibilities, risk management infrastructure and resources and processes dedicated to risk management. Section 4.3.2 of the ISO 31000:2009 also provides guidance on risk management policy.
- Integrate risk appetites for different risk types into existing board-level documents, don’t create separate risk appetite statements.
- Regularly include risk items on the board’s agenda
- Consider establishing a separate risk management committee at the executive level or extend the mandate of existing management committee – no idea why, but this worked like a miracle for me personally
- Reinforce the “no blame” culture by finding a number of arguments for different situations and different people on why it makes more business sense to disclose and account for risks
- Include risk management roles and responsibilities into existing job descriptions, policies and procedures, committee charters, not into a risk management framework document
- Update existing policies and procedures to include aspects of risk management
- Review and update remuneration policies
- Provide risk awareness training regularly
- Use risk management games
- And, most importantly, get personally involved in business activities.
You can find more ideas about integrating risk management into day-to-day operations and building risk culture in the book that will be available to download for free at http://www.risk-academy.ru/en/download/risk-management-book next month. The Russian version is available now at http://www.risk-academy.ru/download/risk-management-book and has already been downloaded more than 2,700 times.
